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REFERENCE NOTES / SAND / INFORMATON / SUPPLEMENT
This website is primarily based on workshop practice, however where possible this has been supported by reference to other relevant material in books, journals, papers, dissertations, electronic documents and so forth. The reference notes section provides both specific information on material directly quoted in the website from outside sources, and guidance on general background reading. All the references are contained in the BIBLIOGRAPHY in the preceding page.
The notes are listed on a section by section basis. If you have come to this page by clicking on [ref] in your browser, you can return to the page you linked from by clicking on the page link above the reference note. This website is not a formal document and does not follow any specific referencing convention.
SAND CASTING & OTHER PROCESSES
INTRODUCTION TO SAND CASTNG
(1) It is worth noting that there are some historical precedents for using a rigid piece moulding
technique with ceramic refractories instead of sand. One such example can be found in the Bronze Ritual Vessels of Shang Dynasty China (Anyang region). Lost wax techniques did not arrive in China until the Han Dynasty (200bc) 800 years later.
(1) Fairbank, W.~Piece Mould Craftsmanship and Sheng Bronze Design~Harvard U.P 1972
(2) Newberry, P.E.~The Life of Rekhmara (Circa 1471-1448 BC)~Archibald & Constable Ltd. 1900
(2) Haynes, D.~The Technique of Greek Bronze Statuary~Verlag Phillipp von Zabern-Mainz Rhein 1992
(3) Scarlett, K ~ The Foundry Challenge ~ World Sculpture News Vol 5 No 2 Spring 1999 (NB Lemon first worked at Brunells Industrial Foundry prior to establishing his own business.
(4) Biringuccio, V.~The Pyrotechnia (trans. Smith & Gnudi)~American Inst. of Mining & Metallurgical Eng. 1956
(5) EG In the United States, there was little if any lost wax founding prior to the immigration of European founders such as the Italian Riccardo Bertelli. (Hoffman, M.~Sculpture Inside and Out~George Allen & Unwin Ltd 1939)
(6) Adams, G.G.~On Bronzes Casting and Colouring~London 1870 See also: S. Whatmore 'From Art to Industry - Developments in English Bronze Casting'.
(7) Gowland, W.~The Art of Bronze Casting in Japan~Journal of the Applied Arts Society April 23rd 1895
(8) Grey, A. ~ George W Lambert Retrospective Catalogue~National Gallery of Australia 2007
SODIUM SILICATE BONDED PROCESS
Also known as the 'Nishiyama Process'
SHELL (CRONING) PROCESS
Brown, John R.~Foseco Foundrymans Handbook~Butterworth-Heinemann 1994 p59
Simpson, Bruce L.~History of the Metalcasting Industry~American Foundry Society 1997 p247
ELECTROFORMING &c
(1) Sole, M.~Electroforming a Process for the Future~Gold Technology Issue 11 Nov 1993
(2) Boyce, N.~Breaking the Mould~New Scientist No. 2196 24th July 1999
GENERAL READING
Adams, G.G.~On Bronzes Casting and Colouring~London 1870
Benedict, O.~Manual of Foundry and Pattern Shop Practice~Mc Graw-Hill Inc
Biringuccio, V.~The Pyrotechnia (trans. Smith & Gnudi)~American Inst. of Mining & Metallurgical Eng. 1956
Brown, John R.~Foseco Foundrymans Handbook~Butterworth-Heinemann 1994
Burrows & Hancox~Craft Engineering Data Book~S.T(P) Ltd
Chapman, W.A.J.~Workshop Technology~Edward Arnold 1976
COPPER DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIAITION (CDA) WEBSITE, DATA SHEETS & TECHNICAL NOTES
Fairbank, W.~Piece Mould Craftsmanship and Sheng Bronze Design~Harvard U.P 1972
Farr, M.~Design in British Industry (A Mid-Century Survey)~Cambridge University Press 1955
Friel & Rinne~Recreation of an Ancient Statue~Paul Getty Museum 1975
John, V.~Introduction to Engineering Materials~Macmillan 1992
Haynes, D.~The Technique of Greek Bronze Statuary~Verlag Phillipp von Zabern-Mainz Rhein 1992
Hoffman, M.~Sculpture Inside and Out~George Allen & Unwin Ltd 1939
Ishind, T.~How the Great Buddah at Nara was Constructed~Kinki University
Lister, R.~Decorative Cast Ironwork in Great Britain~London Industries Bureau G. Bell & Sons 1960
Lister, R.~The Craftsman in Metal~G. Bell & Sons 1966
Loehr, M.~Ritual Vessels of Bronze Age China~Asia Society Catalogue New York 1968
Mills, J.W.~The Encyclopaedia of Sculpture~B.T. Batsford Ltd. 1990
Mills, J.W.~The Technique for Casting Sculpture~B.T. Batsford Ltd. 1967
Turner (Ed.)~Dictionary of Art~Grove 1996
INFORMATION
CONTRACTS (THIS PAGE IS NO LONGER AVAILABLE ON THE ARTENERO WEBSITE)
Atiyah & Adams~The Sale of Goods~Pitman 1995
UK Refs: Sale of Goods Act 1979/Sale & Supply of Goods Act 1994/ Unfair Contract Terms 1977
PUBLIC LIABILITY (THIS PAGE IS NO LONGER AVAILABLE ON THE ARTENERO WEBSITE)
General information supplied by informal letter dated 15 May 1991 from Julian Radcliffe (Brian Hogg International) Lloyds Chambers, London E1
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (THIS PAGE IS NO LONGER AVAILABLE ON THE ARTENERO WEBSITE)
Wall, R. ~Copyright Made Easier~Aslib 1998
DACS~Design and Artists Copyright Society~(DACS) Information Leaflet 1997
Bainbridge, D.~Intellectual Property~Pitman 1994
Berne Convention
EC Directive 93/98 'Term Directive' 1/1/98
Copyright Designs & Patents Act 1988 (UK)
SUPPLEMENT
AN ARTISTS GUIDE TO PATINATION
Extensive information on common patination chemicals including OHS hazard details: Hughes & Rowe~The Colouration, Bronzing and Patination of Metals~Thames and Hudson 1991
BLACK PATINA
Hoffman, M.~Sculpture Inside and Out~George Allen & Unwin Ltd 1939
INTRODUCTION TO MAINTENANCE & RESTORATION
Jones, J.~Hands Off~Guardian Newspaper 17 March 2003
CLEANING
Canadian Conservation Inst~Parliament Hill Bronzes:Analysis of Surface Material~CCI Newsletter 21 Mar 1998
Fink & Eldridge~The Restoration of Ancient Bronzes and other Alloys~Metropolitan Museum of Art
Hamilton, Donny L.~Conservation of Cuprous Metals~Nautical Archaeology Programme~Texas A&M Universtity
Heuman J. (Ed.)~Material Matters (The Conservation of Modern Sculpture)~Tate Gallery 1999
Hughes & Rowe~The Colouration, Bronzing and Patination of Metals~Thames and Hudson 1991
Montega, Dennis.~Conservation Essay~NPS Gov 2001(?)
Montega, Dennis.~ Bronze Sculpture Benefits From Expert Conservation Techniques~LodeSTAR 2000 (pdf)
Underwood, K.~ECU Conservators Handbook C4 Copper Alloys~Programme in Maratime Studies ECU (undated)
Zycherman L. & Veloz N.~Conservation of an Monumental Outdoor Bronze~ American Institute for Conservaton Vol 19 Article 4 1979
GENERAL READING
Adams, G.G.~On Bronzes Casting and Colouring~London 1870
Brown, John R.~Foseco Foundrymans Handbook~Butterworth-Heinemann 1994
Davies, A.C.~Welding Science and Technology (Vol I)~Cambridge University Press 1989
Fink & Eldridge~The Restoration of Ancient Bronzes and other Alloys~Metropolitan Museum of Art
Heuman J. (Ed.)~Material Matters (The Conservation of Modern Sculpture)~Tate Gallery 1999
Hoffman, M.~Sculpture Inside and Out~George Allen & Unwin Ltd 1939
Hughes & Rowe~The Colouration, Bronzing and Patination of Metals~Thames and Hudson 1991
McKay Lodge Fine Arts Lab Inc~Cyclic Maintenance Instructions for Sculpture (For US General Services Admin') 2002
Penny, N.~The Materials of Sculpture~Yale University Press 1993
Simpson, Bruce L.~History of the Metalcasting Industry~American Foundry Society 1997
Young, R.D & Fennell, R.~Methods For Modern Sculptors~American Society of Foundrymen 1987
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