< PREPARING PATTERNS FOR CASTING
FIXING POINTS
Fixing points enable the finished cast sculpture to be mounted on a wall, plinth or other support feature. For smaller works (portrait heads for instance), the founder usually has a standard fixing system which they can append to the cast. The fixing methods used for small casts are often simply scaled up for use on larger casts, but if a mounting system has to be included as an integral part of an artwork’s overall design, it may better for the artist themselves to build in location points on their pattern in the studio. This often simply means thickening or strengthening those sections of the pattern that will be used by the founder to mount the fixings, though bear in mind that issues such as METAL SHRINKAGE can alter the overall dimention of the cast fixing.
The type of solution described here is usually done with the artist working in close consultation with the foundry and/or supervising engineer, either of whom will give guidance on matters such as specifications and positioning (see also FINISHING).
LIFTING POINTS
Most large master patterns can handled in the foundry by FREE SLINGING (wrapping a lifting sling around the sculpture itself). Much the same applies to the lifting of the completed cast during it’s final installation. Some patterns though, are more easily manipulated if they contain specific lifting points. This often applies to designs that are especially large, have a shape that is difficult to free sling, or which might be easily damaged if incorrectly lifted.
Experienced sculptors will be familiar with the kinds of operation carried out in a foundry, and can construct their patterns accordingly. If unsure, seek the guidance from the founder if you think handling difficulties are likely. In most instances the simplest and best way of creating a lifting point is to extend a portion of the pattern’s internal armature out through the artworks surface at an appropriate point, this extension can then be used to securely attach a lifting device such as a holed plate, SHACKLE, or steel loop.
A lifting point fixed to the pattern’s internal armature as described above, has the advantage of more evenly distributing the loadweight of the pattern during lifting operations – isolated lifting points simply added to the pattern’s surface may break off in under stress. The artist should also consider the manner in which the pattern will be handled, it may be necessary to attach a series of lifting points to enable lifts when the pattern is positioned on either it's horizontal or vertical axis. If lifting points are not practical it may be better to build a temporary external support frame to enable easy manipulation of the pattern design.
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